The Haber–Bosch ammonia synthesis loop can enable a second ammonia revolution as energy vector by replacing the CO2 intensive methane-fed process with hydrogen produced by water splitting using renewable electricity. Colin Smith et all, Journal of energy and Environmental Science, Vol2 2020.

Large scale production of hydrogen / ammonia in hot, dry countries may use desalinated seawater, causing the creation of waste brines requiring disposal. This review sets out the options, proposes principles of good practice, and explores the possibility of mining valuable elements from salt wastes. Backer et al, Sustainability 2022.